Intervista a Daniel Libeskind

               

Daniel Libeskind alla Facoltà di Architettura di Ferrara


Daniel Libeskind si confronta con noi su alcune tematiche prima della  lecture tenuta alla Facoltà di Architettura dell’Università di Ferrara “counterpoint”, contrappunto, un chiaro riferimento al suo background di musicista (attratto dalla musica classica, in Israele studia pianoforte, ma subito abbandona per intraprendere gli studi di architettura) attraverso una breve intervista con l’architetto Veronica Dal Buono.

Veronica Dal Buono: Daniel Libeskind, la sua architettura così espressiva, unica e penetrante sembra provenire da uno stile ben preciso nel panorama dell’architettura contemporanea. Come definirebbe il suo lavoro, la sua carriera? Come si inserisce il suo modo di lavorare nell’architettura contemporanea? Come definirebbe la sua architettura?

Daniel Libeskind: è una buona domanda, io non vedo quello che faccio come uno stile, certamente ci sono dei caratteri tipici della mia architettura, ma non possiamo parlare di stile, piuttosto di sviluppo di un linguaggio di comunicazione, perché credo che l’architettura sia un linguaggio di comunicazione e attraverso la sua grammatica l’architettura sia un’avventura per raggiungere qualcun altro, per andare oltre, un percorso, spesso è un percorso di navigazione attraverso acque sconosciute.
È importante non avere solo un obbiettivo ma soprattutto un percorso che ti porti dove non avresti mai creduto di arrivare.


V.D.B.: Molti progetti sui quali ha lavorato, come il Museo Ebraico di Berlino o Ground Zero a New York sono legati al ricordo di eventi passati.
Come esprime tradizione, memoria, culture differenti e altre delicati temi (come l’olocausto) attraverso l’architettura?

D.L.: prima di tutto vorrei dire che l’architettura riguarda sempre la memoria, non esiste architettura senza memoria, l’architettura non è un esercizio formale di scultura, particolarmente in progetti che hanno a che fare con tragedie, con eventi che plasmeranno il nostro futuro.
Bisogna saper comunicare attraverso il linguaggio dell’architettura, che è il linguaggio della luce, il linguaggio dei materiali, delle proporzioni, il linguaggio dell’acustica. Per questo la storia deve essere presa in considerazione seriamente, la storia ci insegna ma emozionandoci e la memoria per un’opera di architettura, specialmente in edifici che hanno a che fare con essa, non è solo un questione secondaria ma un aspetto fondamentale perché senza memoria noi saremo completamente perduti.

 

Il museo ebraico di Berlino, opera che ha consacrato Libeskind tra i grandi dell’architettura

 

V.D.B.: Molti dei suoi edifici sono disegnati per la comunità. Oggi, nell’era della globalizzazione, lei crede nel valore simbolico ed educativo dell’architettura come arte sociale collettiva? Qual è secondo lei il ruolo di un architetto?

D.L.: ci sono architetture sociali che non hanno a che fare con la sfera privata, ma portano invece responsabilità pubbliche e cercano di dialogare e dare forma e libertà ad aspirazioni sociali ovunque nel mondo.
Gli aspetti culturali dell’architettura sono davvero fondamentali per quel sentimento di comunità, del sentirsi connessi con gli altri e non bisognerebbe parlare solo di un terreno comune da condividere, quanto di spazi pensati per dare libertà, per dare voce ad ognuno e certamente l’architettura in una città è il palco ideale per quella voce.
L’architettura nasce da un pensiero simbolico, perché il linguaggio è simbolico, è attraverso simboli che comprendiamo l’ambiente che ci circonda, attraverso metafore, ed in questo senso ritorniamo alla definizione di comunità perché l’architettura non può prescindere dalla comunità, è la creazione e la percezione di cosa è comune e non comune, l’architettura non conferma solo nostri desideri, l’architettura ci sfida attraverso le differenti forme di comportamento, io credo che questa è la connessione con la tradizione dell’architettura, la quale proprio perché è così tradizionale porta sempre qualcosa di nuovo in se stessa.

 

 

Il museo ebraico contemporaneo di San Francisco, una delle ultime realizzazioni dell’architetto


V.D.B.: Nel suo lavoro un ruolo importante è giocato dallo spazio. Ci può dire la sua idea o concetto di spazio sia nel design di esterni che di interni e in relazione con gli utenti finali dei suoi progetti?

D.L.: mi lasci dire che lo spazio non è solo una questione di cos’è dentro e cos’è fuori, lo spazio  non è solo una percezione fisica, è qualcosa di sociale e culturale, è lo spazio dell’immaginazione, lo spazio del non conosciuto, lo spazio dell’invisibile, insomma lo spazio è qualcosa di più di quello che percepiamo attorno a noi e questo è certamente il mio fondamentale modo di vedere lo spazio quando mi approccio a spazi che creino emozioni.


V.D.B.: Nel suo processo creativo quali sono i metodi di ispirazione? Ci sono, a suo modo di vedere, momenti più o meno divertenti nella fase progettuale? quali?

D.L.: prima di tutto, qualsiasi architettura è sempre celebrazione, se l’architettura fosse solo frutto dell’utilizzo di attrezzature o della manipolazione di diversi strumenti sarebbe solo lavoro fisico, ma l’architettura è un’arte, un’arte civile,  e deve essere un’arte inspirata dal tempo, dalle tradizioni, e proprio perché è ispirata dalle tradizione può aprire infinite nuove viste e nuovi orizzonti.
Penso che quello che sia davvero importante per l’architettura è che ci sono infiniti mondi di possibilità, mondi dove ci nuove finestre e nuove porte per accedere alla realtà.   


City Life, il grande progetto dello studio Libeskind a Milano

 

               

Si ringrazia lo Studio Daniel Libeskind per la gentile concessione delle immagini pubblicate

 

Postato nella categoria: Architettura e sostenibilità.

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